The most prominent example is using a method invocation’s target types to infer the data types of its arguments. However, in Java SE 8, you can use the target type for type inference in more contexts. For example, you can use an assignment statement’s target type for type inference in Java SE 7. The target type of expression is the data type that the Java compiler expects to depend on where the expression appears.
Most of the enhancements and updates in Java 8 are related to the programming language. Recently Java has been a victim of quite a few vulnerabilities but Oracle has bounced back by releasing security updates to the language and the runtime environment regularly. It powers mobile devices as well as gives dynamic functionality to websites. Java is a popular language which is used for a wide variety of purposes.
Here is another post about offline installers of Java 8 which has recently been released.